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Journal articles
2025
[35.] Forth, J., Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Phan, V., Ritchie, F., Stokes, L., & Whittard, D. (2025). The Impact of a Rising Wage Floor on Labour Mobility across Firms. British Journal of Industrial Relations, Accepted. [Manuscript: pdf]
[34.] Otting, M., Deutscher, C., Singleton, C., & De Angelis, L. (2025). Betting on Momentum in Contests. Economic Inquiry, Accepted. [Manuscript: pdf]
[33.] Baumann, S., & Singleton, C. (2025). They were robbed! Scoring by the middlemost to attenuate biased judging in boxing. Journal of Sports Economics, Forthcoming. [Link]
[32.] Flepp, R., Gauriot, R., & Singleton, C. (2025). Editorial: Sports, economics, and natural experiments: advances and retrospection. Frontiers in Behavioral Economics. [Link]
[31.] Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2025). Cristiano of Arabia: Did Ronaldo increase Saudi Pro League attendances? Contemporary Economic Policy, 43(2), 260-270. [Link]
2024
[30.] Fongoni, M., Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2024). Why wages don't fall in jobs with incomplete contracts. Management Science, Forthcoming. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[29.] Singleton, C., Bell, A., Chung, A., Reade, J. J., & Urquhart, A. (2024). Scoring goals: The impact of English Premier League football teams on local university admissions. Economics Letters, 244. [Link]
Selected media coverage: Times HE, The Guardian
[28.] Chowdhury, S., Jewell, S., & Singleton, C. (2024). Can Awareness Reduce (and Reverse) Identity-driven Judgement Bias? Evidence from International Cricket. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 226. [Link]
[27.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., Sunmoni, A. & Telemo, P. (2024). The Age-Wage-Productivity Puzzle: Evidence from the Careers of Top Earners. Economic Inquiry, 62(2), 584-606. [Link]
[26.] Chiyaba, G., & Singleton, C. (2024). Do natural resources and FDI tend to erode or support the development of national institutions? The World Economy, 47(3), 1117-1146. [Link]
[25.] Dagaev, D., Paklina, S., Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2024). The Iron Curtain and Referee Bias in International Football. Journal of Sports Economics, 25(1), 126-151. [Link]
2023
[24.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2023). The Extent of Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity: New Evidence from Payroll Data. Review of Economic Dynamics, 51, 60-76. [Link]
[23.] Whittard, D., Ritchie, F., Phan, V., Bryson, A., Forth, J., Stokes, L., & Singleton, C. (2023). The perils of pre-filling: lessons from the UK's Annual Survey of Hours and Earning microdata. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 39(3), 661-677. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[22.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., & Schreyer, D. (2023). A Decade of Violence and Empty Stadiums in Egypt: When Does Emotion from the Terraces Affect Behaviour on the Pitch? Empirical Economics, 65, 1487-1507. [Link]
[21.] Ramirez, P., Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2023). Betting on a buzz: mispricing and inefficiency in online sportsbooks. International Journal of Forecasting, 39(3), 1413-1423. [Link]
2022
[20.] Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2022). Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias. Economic Inquiry, 60(3), 1416-1436. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: ESPN, ESPNv2, The Times, The Guardian, Daily Record, Daily Mail, The Economist
[19.] Angelini, G., De Angelis, L., & Singleton, C. (2022). Informational efficiency and behaviour within in-play prediction markets. International Journal of Forecasting, 38(1), 282-299. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2021
[18.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., & Telemo, P. (2021). Extreme wages, performance and superstars in a market for footballers. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 60(1): 84-118. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[17.] Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2021). Causal effects of an absent crowd on performances and refereeing decisions during Covid-19. Economics Letters, 198. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: The Guardian, The Observer, iNews, talkSPORT, BBC Future
[16.] Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2021). Demand for public events in the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of European football. European Sport Management Quarterly, 21(3): 391-405. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[15.] Reade, J. J., Singleton, C., & Brown, A. (2021). Evaluating Strange Forecasts: The Curious Case of Football Match Scorelines. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 68(2), 261-285. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[14.] Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2021). Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: Early empirical evidence from Belarus. Applied Economics Letters, 28(18): 1542-1547. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2020
[13.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2020). Recent Changes in British wage Inequality: Evidence from Large Firms and Occupations. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 67(1): 100-125. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Prize for Best Paper Published in SJPE in 2020
[12.] Jewell, S., Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2020). Who Works for Whom and the UK Gender Pay Gap. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 58(1): 50-81. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[11.] Razzu, G., Singleton, C., & Mitchell, M. (2020). On why the gender employment gap in Britain has stalled since the early 1990s. Industrial Relations Journal, 51(6): 476-501. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[10.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., & Telemo, P. (2020). Do high wage footballers play for high wage teams? The case of Major League Soccer. International Journal of Sport Finance, 15(4): 177-190. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[9.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., & Brown, A. (2020). Going with your Gut: The (In)accuracy of Forecast Revisions in a Football Score Prediction Game. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: Washington Post
[8.] Elaad, G., Reade, J. J., & Singleton C. (2020). Information, prices and efficiency in an online betting market. Finance Research Letters, 35. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[7.] Reade, J. J., Singleton, C., & Vaughan-Williams, L. (2020). Betting markets for English Premier League results and scorelines: evaluating a forecasting model. Economic Issues, 25(1): 87-106. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2019
[6.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2019). Cyclical labor costs within jobs. European Economic Review, 120. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [Replication]
[5.] Singleton, C. (2019). The public-private sector wage differential in the UK: Evidence from longitudinal employer-employee data. Economics Letters, 174: 109-113. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2018
[4.] Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2018). Segregation and Gender Gaps in the UK's Great Recession and Recovery. Feminist Economics, 24(4): 31-55. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[3.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2018). Unemployment and econometric learning. Research in Economics, 72(2): 277-296. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [replication: Jupyter notebook]
[2.] Singleton, C. (2018). Long-term Unemployment and the Great Recession: Evidence from UK Stocks and Flows. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 65(2): 105-126. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [ONS/UKDS case study]
2016
[1.] Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2016). Gender and the business cycle: An analysis of labour markets in the US and UK. Journal of Macroeconomics, 47(B): 131-146. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [data/replication]
[35.] Forth, J., Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Phan, V., Ritchie, F., Stokes, L., & Whittard, D. (2025). The Impact of a Rising Wage Floor on Labour Mobility across Firms. British Journal of Industrial Relations, Accepted. [Manuscript: pdf]
[34.] Otting, M., Deutscher, C., Singleton, C., & De Angelis, L. (2025). Betting on Momentum in Contests. Economic Inquiry, Accepted. [Manuscript: pdf]
[33.] Baumann, S., & Singleton, C. (2025). They were robbed! Scoring by the middlemost to attenuate biased judging in boxing. Journal of Sports Economics, Forthcoming. [Link]
[32.] Flepp, R., Gauriot, R., & Singleton, C. (2025). Editorial: Sports, economics, and natural experiments: advances and retrospection. Frontiers in Behavioral Economics. [Link]
[31.] Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2025). Cristiano of Arabia: Did Ronaldo increase Saudi Pro League attendances? Contemporary Economic Policy, 43(2), 260-270. [Link]
2024
[30.] Fongoni, M., Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2024). Why wages don't fall in jobs with incomplete contracts. Management Science, Forthcoming. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[29.] Singleton, C., Bell, A., Chung, A., Reade, J. J., & Urquhart, A. (2024). Scoring goals: The impact of English Premier League football teams on local university admissions. Economics Letters, 244. [Link]
Selected media coverage: Times HE, The Guardian
[28.] Chowdhury, S., Jewell, S., & Singleton, C. (2024). Can Awareness Reduce (and Reverse) Identity-driven Judgement Bias? Evidence from International Cricket. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 226. [Link]
[27.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., Sunmoni, A. & Telemo, P. (2024). The Age-Wage-Productivity Puzzle: Evidence from the Careers of Top Earners. Economic Inquiry, 62(2), 584-606. [Link]
[26.] Chiyaba, G., & Singleton, C. (2024). Do natural resources and FDI tend to erode or support the development of national institutions? The World Economy, 47(3), 1117-1146. [Link]
[25.] Dagaev, D., Paklina, S., Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2024). The Iron Curtain and Referee Bias in International Football. Journal of Sports Economics, 25(1), 126-151. [Link]
2023
[24.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2023). The Extent of Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity: New Evidence from Payroll Data. Review of Economic Dynamics, 51, 60-76. [Link]
[23.] Whittard, D., Ritchie, F., Phan, V., Bryson, A., Forth, J., Stokes, L., & Singleton, C. (2023). The perils of pre-filling: lessons from the UK's Annual Survey of Hours and Earning microdata. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 39(3), 661-677. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[22.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., & Schreyer, D. (2023). A Decade of Violence and Empty Stadiums in Egypt: When Does Emotion from the Terraces Affect Behaviour on the Pitch? Empirical Economics, 65, 1487-1507. [Link]
[21.] Ramirez, P., Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2023). Betting on a buzz: mispricing and inefficiency in online sportsbooks. International Journal of Forecasting, 39(3), 1413-1423. [Link]
2022
[20.] Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2022). Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias. Economic Inquiry, 60(3), 1416-1436. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: ESPN, ESPNv2, The Times, The Guardian, Daily Record, Daily Mail, The Economist
[19.] Angelini, G., De Angelis, L., & Singleton, C. (2022). Informational efficiency and behaviour within in-play prediction markets. International Journal of Forecasting, 38(1), 282-299. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2021
[18.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., & Telemo, P. (2021). Extreme wages, performance and superstars in a market for footballers. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 60(1): 84-118. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[17.] Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2021). Causal effects of an absent crowd on performances and refereeing decisions during Covid-19. Economics Letters, 198. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: The Guardian, The Observer, iNews, talkSPORT, BBC Future
[16.] Reade, J. J., & Singleton, C. (2021). Demand for public events in the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of European football. European Sport Management Quarterly, 21(3): 391-405. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[15.] Reade, J. J., Singleton, C., & Brown, A. (2021). Evaluating Strange Forecasts: The Curious Case of Football Match Scorelines. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 68(2), 261-285. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[14.] Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton, C. (2021). Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: Early empirical evidence from Belarus. Applied Economics Letters, 28(18): 1542-1547. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2020
[13.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2020). Recent Changes in British wage Inequality: Evidence from Large Firms and Occupations. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 67(1): 100-125. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Prize for Best Paper Published in SJPE in 2020
[12.] Jewell, S., Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2020). Who Works for Whom and the UK Gender Pay Gap. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 58(1): 50-81. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[11.] Razzu, G., Singleton, C., & Mitchell, M. (2020). On why the gender employment gap in Britain has stalled since the early 1990s. Industrial Relations Journal, 51(6): 476-501. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[10.] Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., & Telemo, P. (2020). Do high wage footballers play for high wage teams? The case of Major League Soccer. International Journal of Sport Finance, 15(4): 177-190. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[9.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., & Brown, A. (2020). Going with your Gut: The (In)accuracy of Forecast Revisions in a Football Score Prediction Game. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: Washington Post
[8.] Elaad, G., Reade, J. J., & Singleton C. (2020). Information, prices and efficiency in an online betting market. Finance Research Letters, 35. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[7.] Reade, J. J., Singleton, C., & Vaughan-Williams, L. (2020). Betting markets for English Premier League results and scorelines: evaluating a forecasting model. Economic Issues, 25(1): 87-106. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2019
[6.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2019). Cyclical labor costs within jobs. European Economic Review, 120. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [Replication]
[5.] Singleton, C. (2019). The public-private sector wage differential in the UK: Evidence from longitudinal employer-employee data. Economics Letters, 174: 109-113. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
2018
[4.] Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2018). Segregation and Gender Gaps in the UK's Great Recession and Recovery. Feminist Economics, 24(4): 31-55. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[3.] Schaefer, D., & Singleton, C. (2018). Unemployment and econometric learning. Research in Economics, 72(2): 277-296. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [replication: Jupyter notebook]
[2.] Singleton, C. (2018). Long-term Unemployment and the Great Recession: Evidence from UK Stocks and Flows. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 65(2): 105-126. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [ONS/UKDS case study]
2016
[1.] Razzu, G., & Singleton, C. (2016). Gender and the business cycle: An analysis of labour markets in the US and UK. Journal of Macroeconomics, 47(B): 131-146. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf] [data/replication]
Book chapters
[6.] Humphreys, B., Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D., & Singleton (2024). "Separating the crowds: Examining home and away attendances at football matches." In "Essays on Sports Economics in Memory of Stefan Kesenne", P. Rodriguez, M. Taks & R. Koning (Ed.), University of Oviedo Publishing. [Manuscript: pdf]
[5.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., Rewilak, J, & Schreyer, D. (2024). "How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?" In "Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events", H. A. Solberg, R. Storm & K. Swart (Eds.), Edward Elgar Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: BBC Future
[4.] Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., & Schreyer, D. (2022). "Economics lessons from sports during the COVID-19 pandemic." In "Research Handbook on Sport and COVID-19", P. M. Pedersen (Ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[3.] Jewell, S., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). "It’s just not cricket: rules and the gentleman’s game." In "Advances in Sports Economics," R. Butler (Ed.), Agenda Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[2.] Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). "European football after COVID-19." In "A new world post COVID-19: lessons for business, the finance industry and policy makers," M. Billio & S. Varotto (Ed.), Ca’ Foscari University Press. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[1.] Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2014). "The Macroeconomic Context: Gender Business Cycles." In "Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK", Razzu, G. (Ed.), Oxford University Press. [Link]
[5.] Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., Rewilak, J, & Schreyer, D. (2024). "How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?" In "Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events", H. A. Solberg, R. Storm & K. Swart (Eds.), Edward Elgar Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
Selected media coverage: BBC Future
[4.] Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., & Schreyer, D. (2022). "Economics lessons from sports during the COVID-19 pandemic." In "Research Handbook on Sport and COVID-19", P. M. Pedersen (Ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[3.] Jewell, S., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). "It’s just not cricket: rules and the gentleman’s game." In "Advances in Sports Economics," R. Butler (Ed.), Agenda Publishing. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[2.] Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). "European football after COVID-19." In "A new world post COVID-19: lessons for business, the finance industry and policy makers," M. Billio & S. Varotto (Ed.), Ca’ Foscari University Press. [Link] [Manuscript: pdf]
[1.] Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2014). "The Macroeconomic Context: Gender Business Cycles." In "Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK", Razzu, G. (Ed.), Oxford University Press. [Link]
Blog & media contributions
- Singleton, C. (2024). What is the impact of a Premiership football team on local universities? Article for Economics Observatory
- Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2022). Abramovich sanctions: what implications for Chelsea and the Premier League? Article for Economics Observatory
- Jewell, S. & Singleton, C. (2021). What can economics learn from cricket – and cricket from economics? Article for Economics Observatory
- Singleton, C., Schreyer, D., & Rewilak, J. (2021). Tokyo Olympics without crowds: will the home nation’s medal chances suffer. Article for The Conversation
- Krumer, A., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). Is football coming home? Article for Economics Observatory
- Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J. & Schreyer, D. (2021). What we can learn about economics from professional sport during Covid-19 Column for VoxEU
- Dolton, P., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). How is professional football coping with coronavirus? Article for Economics Observatory
- Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). Sport: what could be the long-term effects of coronavirus? Article for Economics Observatory
- Singleton, C., Schreyer, D., & Reade, J. J. (2020). As football returns in empty stadiums - four graphs show how home advantage disappears. Article for The Conversation
- Bell, A., Singleton, C., & Reade, J. J. (2020). In defence of footballers Article for The Conversation
- Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). How will football return after this unplanned hiatus? Article for The Conversation
- Singleton, C. & Reade, J. J. (2019). Bury FC: the economics of an English football club’s collapse. Article for The Conversation
- Lafuente, C., Scarfe, R. & Singleton, C. (2018). Back to the future: The gig economy and underemployment. Blog for the Alan Turing Institute