Carl Singleton
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Journal articles
2023

[27.] Dagaev, D., Paklina, S., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. "The Iron Curtain and Referee Bias in International Football." Journal of Sports Economics,  Accepted.  Manuscript

[26.]  Scarfe, R., Singleton, C., Sunmoni, A. & Telemo, P. (2023). "The Age-Wage-Productivity Puzzle: Evidence from the Careers of Top Earners." Economic Inquiry, Accepted.  Manuscript


[25.]  Chiyaba, G. & Singleton, C. (2023). ​​"Do natural resources and FDI tend to erode or support the development of national institutions?" The World Economy, Forthcoming.  Manuscript

[24.]  Whittard, D., Ritchie, F., Phan, V., Bryson, A., Forth, J., Stokes, L. & Singleton, C. (2023). ​​"The perils of pre-filling: lessons from the UK's Annual Survey of Hours and Earning microdata." Statistical Journal of the IAOS, Forthcoming.  Manuscript

[23.]  Singleton, C., Reade, J. J. & Schreyer, D.  (2023). ​​"A Decade of Violence and Empty Stadiums in Egypt: When Does Emotion from the Terraces Affect Behaviour on the Pitch?" Empirical Economics
, 65, 1487-1507.  Manuscript

2022

[22.]  Schaefer, D. & Singleton, C. (2022). "The Extent of Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity: New Evidence from Payroll Data." Review of Economic Dynamics, Forthcoming.  Manuscript & online appendix

[21.]  Ramirez, P., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2023). ​​"Betting on a buzz: mispricing and inefficiency in online sportsbooks."  International Journal of Forecasting, 39(3), 1413-1423.  Manuscript  

[20.]  Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D. & Singleton, C. (2022). ​​"Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias." Economic Inquiry, 60(3), 1416-1436.  Manuscript  |  Selected media coverage: ESPN, ESPNv2, The Times, The Guardian, Daily Record, South China Morning Post, Daily Mail, The Economist

[19.]  Angelini, G., De Angelis, L. & Singleton, C. (2022). ​​"Informational efficiency and behaviour within in-play prediction markets." International Journal of Forecasting, 38(1), 282-299.  Manuscript


2021

[18.]  Scarfe, R., Singleton, C. & Telemo, P. (2021). "Extreme wages, performance and superstars in a market for footballers." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 60(1): 84-118.  Manuscript

[17.]  ​Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D. & Singleton, C. (2021). ​​"Causal effects of an absent crowd on performances and refereeing decisions during Covid-19." Economics Letters, 198.  Manuscript  |  Old version: IZA Discussion Paper 13578  |  Selected media coverage: The Guardian, The Observer, iNews, talkSPORT, BBC Future

[16.]  Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). ​​"Demand for public events in the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of European football." European Sport Management Quarterly, 21(3): 391-405.  Manuscript

[15.]  Reade, J. J., Singleton, C. & Brown, A. (2021). ​​"Evaluating Strange Forecasts: The Curious Case of Football Match Scorelines." Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 68(2), 261-285.  Manuscript  |  online appendix

[14.]  Reade, J. J., Schreyer, D. & Singleton, C. (2021). ​​"Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: Early empirical evidence from Belarus." Applied Economics Letters, 28(18): 1542-1547.  Manuscript


2020

[13.]  Schaefer, D. & Singleton, C. (2020). "Recent Changes in British wage Inequality: Evidence from Large Firms and Occupations." Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 67(1): 100-125.  Manuscript & online appendix - Prize for Best Paper Published in SJPE in 2020

[12.]  Jewell, S., Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2020). "Who Works for Whom and the UK Gender Pay Gap." British Journal of Industrial Relations, 58(1): 50-81.  Manuscript  |  online appendix  |  Slides

[11.]  Razzu, G., Singleton, C. & Mitchell, M. (2020). "On why the gender employment gap in Britain has stalled since the early 1990s." Industrial Relations Journal, 51(6): 476-501.  Manuscript & online appendix

[10.]  Scarfe, R., Singleton, C. & Telemo, P. (2020). "Do high wage footballers play for high wage teams? The case of Major League Soccer." International Journal of Sport Finance, 15(4): 177-190.  Manuscript

[9.]  Singleton, C., Reade, J. J. & Brown, A. (2020). "Going with your Gut: The (In)accuracy of Forecast Revisions in a Football Score Prediction Game." Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89.  Manuscript  |  Selected media coverage: Washington Post​​

[8.]  Elaad, G., Reade, J. J. & Singleton C. (2020). "Information, prices and efficiency in an online betting market." Finance Research Letters, 35.  Manuscript

[7.]  Reade, J. J., Singleton, C. & Vaughan-Williams, L. (2020). "Betting markets for English Premier League results and scorelines: evaluating a forecasting model." Economic Issues, 25(1): 87-106.  Manuscript

2019

​[6.]  ​Schaefer, D. & Singleton, C. (2019). "Cyclical labor costs within jobs." European Economic Review, 120.  Manuscript  |  online appendix  |  Replication

[5.]  Singleton, C. (2019). "The public-private sector wage differential in the UK: Evidence from longitudinal employer-employee data." Economics Letters​, 174: 109-113.  Manuscript

2018

​[4.]  Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2018). "Segregation and Gender Gaps in the UK's Great Recession and Recovery." Feminist Economics, 24(4): 31-55.  Manuscript & online appendix

​[3.]  Schaefer, D. & Singleton, C. (2018). "Unemployment and econometric learning." Research in Economics, 72(2): 277-296.  Manuscript  |  replication (Jupyter notebook)

[2.]  Singleton, C. (2018). "Long-term Unemployment and the Great Recession: Evidence from UK Stocks and Flows." Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 65(2): 105-126.  Manuscript  |  online appendix  |  ONS/UKDS case study


2016

[1.]  Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2016). "Gender and the business cycle: An analysis of labour markets in the US and UK." Journal of Macroeconomics, 47(B): 131-146.  Manuscript  |  online appendix  |  data/replication
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Book chapters
​[5.]  Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J., & Schreyer, D. (2022). ​​"Economics lessons from sports during the COVID-19 pandemic" In "Research Handbook on Sport and COVID-19", P. M. Pedersen (Ed.), Edward Elgar Publishing.  Manuscript  |  Book

​​[4.]  Singleton, C., Reade, J. J., Rewilak, J, & Schreyer, D. (2021). ​​"How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?" In "Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events", H. A. Solberg, R. Storm & K. Swart (Eds.), Edward Elgar Publishing, Forthcoming.  Manuscript  |  Book  |  Selected media coverage: BBC Future

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​[3.]  Jewell, S., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). "It’s just not cricket: rules and the gentleman’s game." In "Advances in Sports Economics," R. Butler (Ed.), Agenda Publishing.  Manuscript  |  Book
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​[2.]  Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). "European football after COVID-19." In "A new world post COVID-19: lessons for business, the finance industry and policy makers," M. Billio & S. Varotto (Ed.), Ca’ Foscari University Press.  Manuscript  |  Book
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​[1.]  Razzu, G. & Singleton, C. (2014). "The Macroeconomic Context: Gender Business Cycles." In "Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK", Razzu, G. (Ed.), Oxford University Press.
  Book
Blog & media contributions
  • Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2022). Abramovich sanctions: what implications for Chelsea and the Premier League? Article for Economics Observatory
  • Jewell, S. & Singleton, C. (2021). What can economics learn from cricket – and cricket from economics? Article for Economics Observatory
  • Singleton, C., Schreyer, D., & Rewilak, J. (2021). Tokyo Olympics without crowds: will the home nation’s medal chances suffer. Article for The Conversation
  • Krumer, A., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2021). Is football coming home? Article for Economics Observatory
  • Singleton, C., Bryson, A., Dolton, P., Reade, J. J. & Schreyer, D. (2021). What we can learn about economics from professional sport during Covid-19 Column for VoxEU
  • Dolton, P., Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). How is professional football coping with coronavirus? Article for Economics Observatory
  • Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). Sport: what could be the long-term effects of coronavirus? Article for Economics Observatory
  • Singleton, C., Schreyer, D., & Reade, J. J. (2020). As football returns in empty stadiums - four graphs show how home advantage disappears. Article for The Conversation
  • Bell, A., Singleton, C., & Reade, J. J. (2020). In defence of footballers Article for The Conversation
  • Reade, J. J. & Singleton, C. (2020). How will football return after this unplanned hiatus? Article for The Conversation
  • Singleton, C. & Reade, J. J. (2019). Bury FC: the economics of an English football club’s collapse. Article for The Conversation​
  • Lafuente, C., Scarfe, R. & Singleton, C. (2018). Back to the future: The gig economy and underemployment. Blog for the Alan Turing Institute
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